Ventilating apparatus for dynamo-electric machines



Jan. 10, 1950 E. M. CLAYTOR 2,494,471

VENTILATING APPARATUS FOR DYNAMOELECTRIC MACHINES Filed April 12, 1946 fdwanl I C'Zayi'or l/Is INVENTOR fwvfi.

ATTORNEYS on its inner face'within the chamber.

Patented Jan. 10, 1950 ED PAT ENT OF FTC E VENTILATIN'G' APPARA'BUSTOR DYN'AMO- ELECTRIC MAC lflN ss'.

Edward MICIaytor, Anderson, 1nd,; assignor to. General MotorspCorporation, Detroit; Mich-., a corporation-of Delaware Application. April; 1 2, 194.6. I SerialNo. 661,567

(Clank-252 1 'Tfilairns: This invention relates to. improvements in dynamorelectric machines of. .theenclosed type.

According to ,the present inventicn the dynamo-electric machine stator frame is closed at each .end. .to. form .a closedhhousing. ,or chamber,

oneend of which. isprovided with athin wall of good. heat conductivity having radiatnnsnorribs To increase the heat dissipating surface. offthethin Wall, a fan disposed on each side of thethin Wall, the inner .fan circulating. and directing .the

air within, the chamber into intimate. contagtwith .the finsand the thin wall and thetouter fan havodiment. of. pr s n invention. isv le rly shown.

In the. drawings Fi 1 is alonsitudina se i nal view. throu h a. dynamo- ,e1ectri c machine showing an embed: iment of. the present invention.

Figs. 2 and 3.are sectional views taken onlines 2 2 and.3-.3, respectively oi Fig.1.

Referring. to. the drawings 29 designatesa tn.-

.bular stat r frame whichiare meunteda p111:

ality f pole p e s 1. n s v one. ofi hich is shown, carrying fiei i wind nss 1 rma: tu e core. 5. c mprisin ,alural ty f laminaz ticns is. press-fitted or. otherwise. attached-tom 25a is also. press-fitted or otherwisaattached. to.

.thes'haftl'l. Theshaft zl is joumalledet one end in,.a.1bearing.30 carried by an .endqmembcr 3|. The end member is; secured toithe. stator frame ZlLby screws 33 ,so as tornake an. air? tightjointtherewith... The endmember 3!,flis alsoprovided with .an. oil duct.34 for. the. bearing 30.

Atthe commutator-end, the shaft 2] is jour. nalled. in a bearing. 35;.carriedby an end member, 36. which. is secured, to, the stator frame. 20 ,by screws 31 to forman. airvtightijoint therewith. Anumberof openings 38 are arrangedinthe end member but circulated air withina chamber. 39,. formed. by the; end. members 3] 3E and frame, ,2lfl,vv is blocked from passing through these openings to. the exteriorofuthe chamber-by a plate olj disc, Not. good heatconductivity. The plate '40 ,fitsinto .a suitablerecess 42 provided by, the end.,member-.3B-. Between the bottom. of the recess 42,-and. the=,pl ate M1. is a gasket 43 .having. openings. corresponding-tothe. number and ,contourof the oppnings 38.,in Tend snember 3.6.. The. plate 49.. and the; gasket 43 are. Se.- cured inposition to. the. end. member 36.by.a, re: tamer. plate 44 .attachedto. theend member 36 byscreWsJIE- A plurality; of ribs. or fins..46of goodheatmonducting. material are attached. to thefinner. face of the disc. Miby spot, welding or, by other suitable means andextend through the openingsprovided by ,the gasket 43,,and end member,36. In, the present instance the fins 46 are arranged inv groups of threewith each group xtendina hrousnone off hev pe in 38 a.s .clearly shown in Fig. 3. It is pointed out that the end membertficouid .be made of amaterial having high heat conductivity and that the fins 46 could be fermed integral with they end member.

For producing a circulation of air within the closed chamber 39 formed by the stator 2li, and.

endmembers 3| and "36, fan s3 attached to the shaft 21 is provided, It isweli-known thatair agitation withina closed chamber will'create heat, therefore itgis important thata low volume typeian be used. This fan comprises .a --piatep49"having. spaced openings 5e attached to 'asleevefil keyed'to theshaft -21; The plate 49 supperts a plurality not blades, 52. which" are so rr n ed tha e lades i L D Q iUQE alow v01.- jumeair stream, .Th slstreamiiof. n id awn throush he p nin s. 25b in.,the.;a.r at111:e,996 1:

ings 26a in the commutator, and the openings 50 in the fan 48 and deflects the air against the end member 36, fins 46 and the disk 40 and then the blades 52 force the air outwardly causing the frame to direct the air back over the commutator and rotor. The fins 4B absorb most of the heat from the interiorly circulated air and then transfers most of this heat to the plate 40 by radiation. This heat is rapidly carried from the plate by an outer fan 66 attached to the shaft 21 located on the outer side of the end member 36.

The outer fan 60 comprises a plate 61 having spaced openings 62. The plate 6| is secured to a sleeve 63 which is keyed to the shaft as shown.

The plate 6| carries two groups of blades, innei" blades 64 and outer blades 65. In this instance the inner group of blades 64 is less in number 1 The blades of the inner group are so arranged that the free edges are located in a plane parallel with the plane of the disc 40. The edges are positioned close to the outer face of the plate 40. The purpose of having edges of the fins 64 a very short distance from the outer face of the plate or disc 46 is to insure the maximum rate of transfer of heat from the plate 40. The outer edge or periphery of the plate 6| is cupped as at 6| a. The turnedin edge 6la is toward the frame 36 so that air stream produced by the blades 64 will be directed in intimate contact with the disc and over the frame. By this particular construction of the plate 6| excessive eddy currents in the air stream produced by the outer grou of blades 65 is prevented.

The fan 60 is located within a shroud or casing 66 which is spaced from the stator frame 20 to provide a fan compartment, said shroud is so arranged in relation to the stator frame to provide ventilating passage 61. The blades 65 of the fan 60 are so arranged to draw a large volume of cool air through a central opening 68 provided in the casing 66 and then force same radially outward and through the ventilating passage 61. In this instance the ventilating passage comprises notches 10 formed at the periphery end member 36 to provide radial ribs 12 between two adjacent notches. ating surface of the end member 36 and function as radiators to dissipate some of the heat of the circulated air within the chamber 39. The fins 64 on the outer fan are very close to the disc 40 and rapidly carry the heat from the disc 40. This heat picked up by the fins 64 is carried away when it merges with the currents of circulated air produced by the fan 60 which is directed over the exterior of the stator frame by the shroud to cool same.

While the embodiment of the present invention as herein disclosed, constitutes a preferred form, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope of the .claims which follow.

What is claimed is as follows:

1. A dynamo-electric machine comprising a tubular frame closed at each end to form a chamber, one end wall of said chamber having spaced openings; a plate of high heat conductivity attached to the exterior of said mentioned one Wall to close the openings; fins of high heat conductivity attached to the plate and extending into the openings to increase the heat These ribs increase the radi-' side of the plate secured to a shaft journalled in the said mentioned wall, each fan provided with blades with the blades of the interior fan directing heated air within the chamber toward the plate and fins and the exterior fan drawing heat absorbed by the plate from the plate; and fins carried by the exterior fan and in close proximity to the plate to facilitate a more rapid transfer of the heat from the heated air within the chamber.

2. An enclosed dynamo-electric machine comprising a frame; an end member secured at each end of the frame, one of said end members having a plurality of openings, a thin wall of high heat conducting material attached to said one end member to close the openings and forming therewith and with said frame and the other [in the end members; fins attached to the wall and projecting through the openings of said one end member into the chamber to increase the heat dissipating surface of the plate; a fan attached to the shaft and located within the chamber and operating to cause air to pass through axial passages provided by the armature and to one end of the chamber into intimate contact with the fins to facilitate a quick transfer of heat from the air enclosed within the chamber; and a second fan attached to the shaft and located on the outside of the plate said fan including a double row of blades, one to circulate air against the thin wall, and the other to circulate additional air over the exterior of the frame.

3. A dynamo-electric machine, comprising a frame; a closure at each end of the frame to form a chamber, one of said closures having spaced openings; a metal disc of high-heat conductivity attached to the said one closure to close the openings; fins rigid with the disc for increasing the heat dissipating surface of the disc; a fan on each side of the disc secured to a shaft journalled in the end closures, said inner fan comprising blades for driving heated air within the chamber against the fins and the disc and said outer fan comprising a plate including a group of blades on opposite sides of and rigid with said plate whereby one group of blades is adapted to direct a stream of air and to drive said air radially outward over the outer face of the disc and the other group of blades is capable of directing another stream of air radially outward; and means for directing both streams of air produced by the outer fan over the exterior of the frame.

4. A dynamo-electric machine comprising a tubular frame closed at each end to form a chamber, one end wall of said chamber having spaced openings; a plate of high heat conductivity attached to the exterior of said mentioned one wall to close the openings; fins of high heat conductivity attached to the plate and extending into the openings to increase the heat dissipating surface of the plate, a fan on each side of the plate secured to a shaft journaled in the end members, and each fan having a group of blades attached to a disc with the blades of the interior fan directing heated air within the chamber toward the plate and fins and the blades of the exterior fans being arranged to produce two streams of air, whereby one group of blades have edges in close proximity to the plate so as to facilitate a more rapid transfer of heat from the dissipating surface of the plate, a fan on each heated air within the chamber, said blades adapted to direct one stream of air against and also to drive said air radially outward over the outer face of the plate While the other group of blades is adapted to direct the other stream of air radially outward; and means for directing both streams of air over the outside of the frame.

5. A dynamo-electric machine comprising a tubular frame closed at each end to form a chamber, one end wall of said chamber having spaced openings; a plate of high heat conductivity attached to the exterior of said mentioned one wall to close the openings; fins of high heat conductivity attached to the plate and extending into the openings to increase the heat dissipating surface of the plate, a fan on each side of the plate secured to a shaft journaled in the end members, and each fan having a group of blades attached to a disc with the blades of the interior fan directing heated air within the chamber toward the plate and fins and the blades L of the exterior fans being arranged to produce two streams of air whereby one group of blades have edges in close proximity to the plate so as to facilitate a more rapid transfer of heat from the heated air within the chamber, said blades' adapted to direct one stream of air against and also to drive said air radially outward over the outer face of the plate while the other group of blades is adapted to direct the other stream of air radially outward; means provided by the disc of the outer fan for preventing the formation of eddy currents in the exterior air streams; and

means for directing both exterior air streams over the outside of the frame.

6. A dynamo-electric machine the combination of a tubular frame having closure members at its ends to form a closed chamber, one of said 010- sure members being constructed so as to absorb more heat than the other, a fan on each side of the closure having the greater heat absorbin qualities connected for rotation with a shaft journaled in the closures with the inner fan directing heated air within the chamber against the closure having the greater heat absorbing qualities to facilitate a quick transfer of heat from the air within the chamber and the exterior fan producing two air streams, one stream of air being first directed against the closure and then radially outward to absorb the heat from the closure and the other stream of air being directed in a radially outward direction; means provided by the exterior fan for preventing eddy currents between the two streams of air; and means positioned about the exterior fan and the frame for directing both streams of air along the exterior of the frame.

7. A dynamo-electric machine comprising a tubular frame, a closure at each end of the frame and forming therewith a closed chamber, one of said closures including a plate of high heat conductivity; a fan on each side of said plate secured to a shaft journaled in the closures, said inner fan comprising blades for driving heated air within the chamber against the closure carrying the plate and said outer fan comprising a substantially fiat disc carrying a group of blades on opposite sides thereof whereby one group of blades is adapted to direct a stream of air against and also to drive said air radially outward over the outer face of the plate and the other group of blades carried by the disc is capable of directing another stream of air radially outward, said disc having a flange formed integral therewith on its peripheral edge and extending toward the plate so as to prevent eddy currents in the exterior air streams; and means for directing both exterior air streams over the exterior of the frame.

EDWARD M. CLAY'IOR.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,652,134 Thomson Dec. 6, 1927 1,884,573 Chapman Oct. 25, 1932 1,932,286 Smith Oct. 24, 1933 1,959,608 Ansingh May 22, 1934 2,043,655 Ehrmann June 9, 1936 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 632,055 Germany July 2, 1936 

